CASPAR DAVID FRIEDRICH AND GERMAN IDENTITY Caspar David Friedrich personified German Romanticism, producing paintings that became icons of the movement. Working in a nation under alien occupation, Friedrich found the intersection between pantheism and the alienation...
THE PROBLEM OF ART Marxism as Methodology In his anthology, Marxism and Art, Maynard Solomon recounted that although both Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were interested in the literary arts early in their respective careers, they both were distracted by philosophy....
GERMAN ROMANTICISM AND THE SPIRITUAL PAINTINGS OF CASPAR DAVID FRIEDRICH As with Spain, the key to German Romanticism is the presence of Napoléon’s “liberating army” on German soil. While much of Germany was loyal to the French emperor, especially...
CONSTABLE, THE PICTURESQUE, AND ENGLISH ROMANTICISM Less famous and dramatic than his British rival, Joseph Turner, John Constable preferred the humble English countryside of his native Stour Valley. In his humble rural paintings, Constable captured his...
GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH HEGEL (1770-1831) Hegel and his Impact on Art and Aesthetics Like any aesthetician, G. W. F. Hegel does not get involved in any particular movement or style or work of art, but, that said, he was very definite about the kind of art where Beauty...
TURNER, THE BEAUTIFUL, THE SUBLIME, AND ENLISH ROMANTICISM Joseph William Mallord Turner was the most famous exponent of English Romanticism. A product of an era of war with Napoléon, the artist celebrated the rise of the British empire. Although many of his...
