by Jeanne Willette | May 28, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics, Modern Art, Modern Art Podcasts, Modern Culture, Podcast
GERMAN ROMANTICISM AND THE SPIRITUAL PAINTINGS OF CASPAR DAVID FRIEDRICH As with Spain, the key to German Romanticism is the presence of Napoléon’s “liberating army” on German soil. While much of Germany was loyal to the French emperor, especially...
by Jeanne Willette | May 21, 2010 | Modern Culture, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy
MODERN ALIENATION Marx and Capitalism Aware of Friedrich Schiller, Karl Marx was concerned with alienation and recognized the connection between the estrangement of human beings from themselves and from nature and the Industrial Revolution. Marx re-wrote Schiller’s...
by Jeanne Willette | May 14, 2010 | Modern Culture, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy
MARX AND ENGELS Today it is fashionable in some quarters to dismiss Karl Marx because of his apparently “failed” theory of an inevitable revolution in which the lower classes, realizing their exploitation, would rebel against those who owned the means of production....
by Jeanne Willette | May 14, 2010 | Modern, Modern Art, Modern Art Podcasts, Modern Culture, Podcast
ROMANTICISM IN SPAIN GOYA AND WAR Spain had been left out of the Enlightenment and there were those who were hopeful when a man of the people, Napoléon, became the leader of France. However, when Napoléon crowned himself Emperor all hopes of a new democratic age were...
by Jeanne Willette | May 7, 2010 | Modern Culture, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy
Late Nineteenth Century Social Philosophy Positivism of Comte The French Revolution ended in a very different way from the other great revolution of the eighteenth century, the American Revolution. The American Revolution was an uprising of a population distanced from...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 30, 2010 | Modern Culture, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy
Early Nineteenth Century Utopian Philosophy The largest issue of the second half of the nineteenth century was the containment of people. The problem of how to control a growing population in Europe and an alien population in colonized lands occupied the...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 30, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics, Modern Art, Modern Art Podcasts, Modern Culture, Podcast
CONSTABLE, THE PICTURESQUE, AND ENGLISH ROMANTICISM Less famous and dramatic than his British rival, Joseph Turner, John Constable preferred the humble English countryside of his native Stour Valley. In his humble rural paintings, Constable captured his...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 23, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics, Modern Art, Modern Culture, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy
GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH HEGEL (1770-1831) Hegel and his Impact on Art and Aesthetics Like any aesthetician, G. W. F. Hegel does not get involved in any particular movement or style or work of art, but, that said, he was very definite about the kind of art where Beauty...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 16, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics, Modern Art, Podcast
TURNER, THE BEAUTIFUL, THE SUBLIME, AND ENLISH ROMANTICISM Joseph William Mallord Turner was the most famous exponent of English Romanticism. A product of an era of war with Napoléon, the artist celebrated the rise of the British empire. Although many of his...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 16, 2010 | Modern Aesthetics, Modern Culture, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy
GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH HEGEL (1770-1831) ART AND DIALECTICS When one thinks of Hegelian aesthetics, it is most often in relation to the art historians who were impacted by his philosophy and his central concept of the dialectic, or a method of thinking in terms of...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 9, 2010 | Modern Culture, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy
GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH HEGEL (1770-1831) DIALECTICS Within the architectonic model, Kant’s categories were isolated from each other and appeared to impose themselves upon the structure. However useful the categories were in explaining Kant’s theory of human reason,...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 2, 2010 | Modern, Modern Art Criticism
FROM DENIS DIDEROT TO THÉOPHILE GAUTIER The Origins of Art Criticism: 1750-1850 According to Théophile Gautier, writing in 1854, “In his immortal Salons, Diderot founded the criticism of painting.” Indeed Gautier modeled his method of discussing...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 2, 2010 | Modern Aesthetics, Modern Art, Modern Philosophy, Philosophy
THE PHILOSOPHY OF HEGEL Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770–1831) It has been said that all philosophy is simply a series of footnotes on the ideas of Plato and Aristotle. It can also be said that all modern philosophy is a series of footnotes no the work of Emmanuel...
by Jeanne Willette | Apr 2, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics, Modern Art, Modern Art Podcasts, Podcast
NAMING LANDSCAPES IN ENGLAND Part Two “Nature” in England acquired a new identity after the Napoléonic Wars. In response to the completion of the Enclosure Movement and the spread of private ownership of vast expanses of land, an economic response to...
by Jeanne Willette | Mar 26, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics
Art and Nature Schiller’s “Naïve and Sentimental Poetry” On the Aesthetic Education of Man was written as a series of letters to the Duke of Augustenburg and was published in 1795 and 1801, and published just before “Naïve and Sentimental Poetry,” also written in...
by Jeanne Willette | Mar 19, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics
SCHILLER AND ROMANTICISM Friedrich von Schiller (1759 – 1805) Schiller’s Letters on the Aesthetical Education of Man, were literally a series of letters written in 1793 to the Danish Prince, Friedrich Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Augustenborg. According to William...
by Jeanne Willette | Mar 19, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics, Modern Art, Modern Art Podcasts, Podcast
THE WRITING OF ENGLISH ROMANTICISM Part One Like Neo-Classicism, Romanticism was an international movement, but, unlike the earlier movement, Romanticism differed from country to country. In England, Romanticism established an aesthetic that was reflective of national...
by Jeanne Willette | Mar 12, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics
EMMANUEL KANT (1724-1804) Kant, the Artist, and Artistic Freedom The modern artist of the nineteenth century faced an aesthetic landscape that was quite different compared to that of the previous century. The definition of “art” in the eighteenth century was that,...
by Jeanne Willette | Mar 5, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics
CONSTRUCTING AN IDEA Art for Art’s Sake What was the purpose of art in the modern period? In the minds of late eighteenth century and early nineteenth century philosophers, the role of art could be nothing less that to create beauty. The beautiful, for Emmanuel...
by Jeanne Willette | Mar 5, 2010 | Modern, Modern Art, Modern Art Podcasts, Modern Culture, Podcast
DELACROIX THE CONSERVATIVE Part Two The art of Eugène Delacroix was uniquely suited to his time. In an era of imperialism and colonialism through conquest, his exciting art captured the violence of a turbulent age. Like all artists of the Romantic era, Delacroix was...
by Jeanne Willette | Feb 26, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics
KANT’S SYSTEM of JUDGMENT Beauty, Taste, and Indifference In the eighteenth century, art and beauty were considered synonymous. During Kant’s time, the criteria for the “beautiful” was a simple—and specific one—based upon and...
by Jeanne Willette | Feb 19, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics
KANT AND AESTHETICS Critique of Judgment (1790) While Kant was writing the Critique of Judgment in 1790, the answer of the role of the artist in society was increasingly unclear, and the social and cultural situation was increasingly unstable. The artist was looking...
by Jeanne Willette | Feb 19, 2010 | Modern, Modern Art, Modern Art Podcasts, Modern Culture, Podcast
DELACROIX THE ROMANTIC Part One A member of the famous Bohemian crowd of French avant-garde art, Delacroix was considered the rebellious leader of French Romanticism. Like all artists of his generation, he had missed out on Napoléonic glory but found excitement in the...
by Jeanne Willette | Feb 12, 2010 | Modern, Modern Aesthetics
Kant and Aesthetics The Creation of Artistic Freedom and Art-for-Art’s Sake France became the titular home of the Enlightenment because of the necessity of opposing the decadence of the ancien régime, but it must be recalled that there were numerous important...
by Jeanne Willette | Feb 5, 2010 | Modern, Modern Art, Modern Art Podcasts, Modern Culture, Podcast
INGRES, THE NUDES, AND CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION Part Two By the middle of his artistic life, Ingres had reached the pinnacle of his career as the ruler of the Academy in France. Although the artist claimed to uphold the principles of classical art, his approach to the...
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